There are fundamental laws about complex systems, but they are new kinds of laws. They are laws of structure and organization and scale, and they simply vanish when you focus on the individual constituents of a complex system.The brain-mind question involves perceptual categorization as the first step, which is crucial for learning. However, it is not something fixed, something that occurs once and for all.
Neural Darwinism holds that brain structure is not entirely determined genetically and that, from a neurological perspective, each human brain and hence each individual is unique. In perceiving the outer world the brain is physiologically altered; and our perception of the outer world is fundamentally a creative process emerging from complexity that is beyomd the rules of physics.
Psychological functions such as perceptual categorization, memory, and learning are not properties of molecules, of synapses, or even of small numbers of neurons. Instead, they reflect the concerted workings in each phenotype of the motor and sensory ensembles correlating neuronal group selection events occurring in a rich and distributed fashion over global mappings
